While advances are being made to end the global Aids pandemic, the report said progress has slowed, funding is shrinking, and new infections are rising in three regions: the Middle East and North Africa, Eastern Europe and Central Asia, and Latin America.
In 2023, around 630,000 people died from Aids-related illnesses, a significant decline from the 2.1 million deaths in 2004. But the latest figure is more than double the target for 2025 of fewer than 250,000 deaths, according to the report released on Monday by UNAIDS, the UN agency leading the global effort to end the pandemic.
The proportion of new infections globally among marginalised communities that face stigma and discrimination – sex workers, men who have sex with men, and people who inject drugs also increased to 55 per cent last year from 45 per cent in 2010, it said.
UNAIDS Executive Director Winnie Byanyima said: “World leaders pledged to end the Aids pandemic as a public health threat by 2030, and they can uphold their promise, but only if they ensure that the HIV response has the resources it needs, and that the human rights of everyone are protected.”
As part of that pledge, leaders vowed to reduce annual new HIV infections to below 370,000 by 2025, but the report said in 2023 new infections were more than three times higher at 1.3 million.
Last year, among the 39.9 million people globally living with HIV, 86 per cent knew they were infected, 77 per cent were accessing treatment, and for 72 per cent the virus was suppressed, the report said
César Núñez, director of the UNAIDS New York office, told a news conference there has been progress in HIV treatments – injections that can stay in the body for six months, but the two doses cost US$40,000 yearly, out of reach for all but the richest people with the virus.
He said UNAIDS has been asking the manufacturer to make it available at lower cost to low and middle-income countries.
Núñez said there have also been seven cases where people with HIV who were treated for leukaemia emerged with no sign of HIV in their system.
He said injections and the seven cases will be discussed at the 25th International Aids Conference which began Monday in Munich.
At present, he said, daily treatment with pills costs about US$75 per person per year. It has allowed many countries to increase the number of people with HIV to receive treatment.
Núñez said UNAIDS will continue advocating for a vaccine to prevent Aids.