Israel expanded an evacuation order for eastern Rafah, after saying 300,000 people had fled the city since the army urged people to leave.
Residents piled water tanks, mattresses and other belongings onto vehicles and prepared to flee again.
“We don’t know where to go,” said Farid Abu Eida, who was preparing to leave Rafah, having already been displaced there from Gaza City.
“There is no place left in Gaza that is safe or not overcrowded … There’s nowhere we can go.”
Residents were told to go to the “humanitarian zone” of al-Mawasi, on the coast northwest of Rafah.
Hamas accused Israel of “expanding the incursion into Rafah to include new areas in the centre and the west of the city”.
Israeli army spokesman Daniel Hagari said “we have eliminated dozens of terrorists in eastern Rafah” and the army said troops were fighting “armed terrorists” at the crossing and had found “numerous underground tunnel shafts”.
UN chief Antonio Guterres said on Friday that Gaza risked an “epic humanitarian disaster” if Israel launched a full-scale ground operation in Rafah. On Sunday, he urged an immediate halt to the war in Gaza, the return of hostages and a “surge” in humanitarian aid.
“I repeat my call, the world’s call for an immediate humanitarian ceasefire, the unconditional release of all hostages and an immediate surge in humanitarian aid,” Guterres said in a video address to an international donors’ conference in Kuwait. “But a ceasefire will only be the start. It will be a long road back from the devastation and trauma of this war.”
In Tel Aviv, fans watched the music show on big screens, but as it became clear that Israel’s contestant Eden Golan would not win, spirits fell.
“Eden was amazing … But there are people who hate us,” said Guy, a 20-year-old who declined to give his last name.
International outrage mounted at Israel’s operations in Rafah.
EU chief Charles Michel said on social media that Rafah civilians were being ordered to “unsafe zones”, denouncing it as “unacceptable”.
Medecins Sans Frontieres said it had started transferring 22 patients from a field hospital in Rafah, saying Israel’s operations in the city were “making it impossible to provide life-saving medical assistance”.
The war began with Hamas’s unprecedented October 7 attack on Israel, which resulted in the deaths of more than 1,170 people, mostly civilians, according to a tally of official Israeli figures.
During their attack, militants also seized hostages. Israel estimates 128 of them remain in Gaza including 36 who the military says are dead.
Israel’s retaliatory offensive has killed at least 34,971 people in Gaza, mostly women and children, according to the Hamas-run territory’s health ministry.
The Ezzedine Al-Qassam Brigades said Nadav Popplewell, a British-Israeli man, had been wounded in a strike a month ago and died “because he did not receive intensive medical care because the enemy has destroyed the Gaza Strip’s hospitals”.
The Israeli military did not offer any comment on the video, which could not be independently verified as authentic.
The State Department submitted its report two days after Biden publicly threatened to withhold certain bombs and artillery shells if Israel went ahead with an all-out assault on Rafah, where the UN says 1.4 million have been sheltering.
The Biden administration already paused delivery of 3,500 bombs as Israel appeared ready to invade Rafah.
Hamas says Israel’s “continued control” and closure of the Rafah crossing exacerbates the “humanitarian catastrophe” in the besieged territory.
The Israeli army said it had reopened the Kerem Shalom crossing near Rafah on Wednesday, but aid agencies cautioned that getting assistance through the militarised area remained extremely difficult.
The army said on Saturday that rockets had been fired at the crossing, but reported no injuries.
Egypt’s state-linked Al-Qahera News on Saturday cited a high-level source as saying that Egypt had refused to coordinate with Israel on the entry of aid into Gaza from the Rafah crossing.
According to the source, Egypt had “warned Israel of the repercussions of its continued control over the Rafah crossing, and held it fully responsible for the deterioration of the humanitarian situation in the Gaza Strip”.