“The soldiers fired at the crowd as people came too close to the tanks,” the witness told AFP, declining to be named for safety reasons.
An Israeli military official said there was an initial “stampede”, involving thousands of people. Part of the convoy had then managed to continue on its way.
“Dozens of civilians rushed to the trucks, approached the tanks and the forces nearby,” the official said.
“Soldiers fired warning shots in the air and then fired towards those that posed a threat and did not move away.
“I can say we had a limited response, limited fire … It was not a massive event from our perspective.”
Aerial video released by the Israeli army showed what it said were scores of Gazans surrounding aid trucks in Gaza City.
But the black-and-white footage, which had no sound, raised many questions.
It does not include what happened at the start or end of the incident, and spots are blacked out or pixelated, with two areas appearing to show military vehicles on the edges of the aid convoy.
The Israeli army has yet to reply to an AFP request for more information.
The health ministry in Hamas-run Gaza said 115 people were shot dead and more than 750 wounded.
An Israeli military spokesman, Rear Admiral Daniel Hagari, said “the unfortunate incident resulted in dozens of Gazans killed and injured”.
AFP images showed bodies wrapped in white shrouds at Gaza City’s al-Shifa Hospital.
Hossam Abu Safiya, director of the city’s Kamal Adwan Hospital, said all the casualties were hit by “bullets and shrapnel from occupation forces”.
A UN team that visited the al-Shifa on Friday saw a “large number of gunshot wounds” among survivors, UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres’s spokesman said.
“This hospital is treating more than 200 people that were injured yesterday,” Georgios Petropoulos of the UN’s Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) said on Friday.
“We have seen people with gunshot wounds. We have seen amputees, and we have seen children as young as 12 that were injured yesterday.
“These events cannot be allowed to go on. We need to have safe, secure passage throughout Gaza to reach the people that need humanitarian aid.”
Britain, France and Germany have called for an investigation into what happened, as have the European Union and African Union.
Hamas is making geopolitical strides as the Israel-Gaza war widens
Hamas is making geopolitical strides as the Israel-Gaza war widens
US President Joe Biden said his country would begin airdrops of aid to hard-to-reach parts of Gaza, which some other nations have already been doing.
Biden also said Washington would push Israel to let in more aid trucks and examine a possible “marine corridor” for aid.
Iran denounced “the barbaric attack by the Zionist regime”, China said it was “shocked”, and the head of the Arab League said the “brutal” act showed “total contempt for human life”.
Colombia announced it was suspending the purchase of weapons from Israel.
For months, aid workers have warned of an increasingly desperate situation for Gazan civilians, and this week a UN humanitarian official said widespread starvation was “almost inevitable”.
UN estimates show that 2.2 million people – the vast majority of Gaza’s population – are threatened with famine, particularly in northern areas around Gaza City.
Gaza’s health ministry on Friday reported a total of 13 children had died of “malnutrition and dehydration”.
BTS fans tell K-pop label to ‘stand for humanity’, sack pro-Israel US boss
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According to the UN agency for Palestinian refugees, UNRWA, just over 2,300 aid trucks entered Gaza in February, a drop of about 50 per cent compared with January.
That is an average of well below 100 trucks per day, down from around 500 that were entering daily before the war.
The Israeli army said the convoy of 38 trucks ferrying aid from Egypt had “entered Gaza for distribution by private contractors”.
Its spokesman Hagari said aircraft as well as tanks had been deployed to secure the convoy route but that there had been no air strike or tank fire towards the aid convoy.
He said troops had conducted similar convoy protection operations “the last four nights without any problem”.
Most Gaza aid convoys are organised by UN agencies, but in a post on X, UNRWA chief Philippe Lazzarini said: “Neither UNRWA nor any other UN agency were involved in this distribution.”
The trucks would have entered Gaza via the Rafah border crossing with Egypt before being checked by the Israeli authorities, but it remains unclear where the aid came from.
The aid trucks bore stickers of the Jamiya al-Umma non-governmental organisation, but it is unclear which country they were from as it is a common name for NGOs across the region.