A quarter of the approximately 400 Nir Oz residents fell victim to the attack. Hamas militants killed more than 20 and kidnapped over 80. In the dining hall, a wall of post office boxes is plastered with stickers – red for killed, black for kidnapped, blue for released.
While it’s uncomfortable to open the community to visitors, she said it’s important for people to “come here and smell the burned smell of death, to imagine your friends or parents here”.
Hamas militants killed around 1,200 people as they rampaged through southern Israel, and kidnapped around 250. Health officials in Hamas-run Gaza say more than 37,000 Palestinians have been killed in the war that followed.
Prior to October 7, Lahav ran a tourism company. Now she has turned those itinerary-building skills to the kibbutz where she grew up.
Her tour includes the spot in the fence where Hamas militants stormed the kibbutz, along with small details that humanise the scale of destruction, like the confectionery eggs that melted when the general store was torched.
Many of the kibbutzim and towns that experienced the worst destruction are closed to the public, accessible only via organised tours like those for dignitaries or celebrities, or by invitation from a resident.
Nir Oz decided that the guides must be residents. Rena Bazar, who lives with most of the community in temporary housing elsewhere, is among those giving tours.
At first, it was difficult to return to Nir Oz. She didn’t like the idea of strangers on the lawns and in the dining hall with its bullet-riddled windows. But eventually, she understood the importance of helping visitors understand not just what happened, but also what life had been like before October 7.
“I want to make it less about the combat and more about the personal stories of people who were there,” Bazar said.
For visiting dignitaries and VIPs, trips to Israel have long included stops at famous religious or cultural sites, such as the Western Wall, Masada, the Sea of Galilee or the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, and the national Holocaust memorial, Yad Vashem.
The visits to the battered kibbutzim and border towns are the latest way to build support and solidarity with Israel’s allies abroad.
Other parts of southern Israel are open to the public and encouraging visitors – both foreigners and Israelis from elsewhere.
The city of Sderot runs “resilience tours,” connecting groups with survivors who share their memories of October 7 or highlight cultural or culinary offerings. In contrast to the hardest-hit kibbutzim like Nir Oz, most of Sderot’s residents have returned.
Hen Cohen, the city’s tourism director, estimated that about 200,000 visitors have come during the first half of 2024, compared with 100,000 total in a normal year. Most come via solidarity missions from abroad or are local visitors such as soldiers and police officers on educational tours.
Birthright Israel, an organisation that provides 10-day free trips to Israel for Jewish Americans, said that nearly all of the 13,500 participants expected this summer will visit Sderot and the site of the Nova music festival, where at least 364 people died. These visits provide an economic and morale boost to residents, Cohen said.
The Sderot police station, where 10 officers were killed on October 7 in a standoff that left the station in ruins, is a main attraction.
Visitors stop at the local museum, and watch security footage of what happened on October 7, then walk to the empty lot where the police station stood. Twisted metal remains. Israeli flags flutter in the wind. A sign says a memorial will be built there.
“In this dark hour, I wanted to do my part to make sure the people of Israel know that the people of the United States are with you,” former US vice-president Mike Pence said while visiting the site.
Seinfeld later cried while talking about his own visit to a kibbutz, describing it as “the most powerful experience” of his life.
Zehava Ben Zaken, a lifelong Sderot resident, said it has taken time to adjust to seeing visitors every time she walks by. “I’m happy they come to see this place, so they can understand and stand with us,” she said.
Hearing the booms from Gaza a few kilometres (miles) away, she hoped that visitors can finally understand Sderot’s precarious security situation. “We’re totally broken,” she said.
South of Sderot, the site of the Nova music festival has become a pilgrimage site for hundreds of visitors per day. Photos of victims are arranged around what had been the main stage. Loved ones have left candles, sculptures, photos and other mementos.
Standing there helped her understand the enormity of loss of life, said Naomi Hanan, a medical student from San Francisco. “It’s right in front of your face and there’s no denying or ignoring what you’ve been hearing or seeing through the media,” she said.
In a eucalyptus grove near the site, an organisation called Triumph of the Spirit offers virtual reality tours of three kibbutzim, including Nir Oz. The tours are currently only open to soldiers on official educational visits, but an English version will be available in the coming weeks for international tourists.
“I feel like I’m in Fortnite!” one soldier said as he slipped on the headset, then went silent as images of destruction appeared.
The videos were created by Miriam Cohen and Chani Kopolovich, who had created such tours of Auschwitz for a Holocaust education experience for people who don’t travel to Poland.
“We’ve made it accessible to go on this tour without damaging peoples’ privacy,” said Pinchas Tosig, who runs the tent and has 300 to 700 soldiers visit per day.
Some residents of southern Israel are looking beyond the visitors to the future.
In the coming weeks, Nir Oz will start demolishing some buildings to make way for new construction. Residents wonder how to preserve what happened while making space for new lives. Some say part of the destruction should remain. Others don’t want reminders – or visitors.
On one tour, Bazar pointed out the safe room where she spent hours hiding on October 7. Her home was mostly spared. Others were burned. She doesn’t want the destruction to remain inside Nir Oz and hopes any future memorial will be elsewhere.
“I don’t want any child to be impacted by the ruins,” she said. “Our cemetery is full. Isn’t that memorial enough?”