TikTok and its Chinese parent company, ByteDance, are suing the U.S. over a law that would ban the popular video-sharing app unless it’s sold to another company.
The lawsuit filed on Tuesday may be setting up what could be a protracted legal fight over TikTok’s future in the United States.
The popular social video company alleged the law, which U.S. President Joe Biden signed as part of a larger $95 billion US foreign aid package, is so “obviously unconstitutional” that the sponsors of the Protecting Americans From Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act are trying to portray the law not as a ban, but as a regulation of TikTok’s ownership.
“Congress has taken the unprecedented step of expressly singling out and banning TikTok: a vibrant online forum for protected speech and expression used by 170 million Americans to create, share, and view videos over the Internet,” ByteDance said in its suit.
“For the first time in history, Congress has enacted a law that subjects a single, named speech platform to a permanent, nationwide ban, and bars every American from participating in a unique online community with more than one billion people worldwide.”
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau is declining to comment on the U.S. closing in on a bill that could ban TikTok — but says the federal government will continue to ‘look closely’ at the safety of Canadians.
The law requires TikTok’s parent, ByteDance, to sell the platform within nine months. If a sale is already in progress, the company will get another three months to complete the deal. ByteDance has said it “doesn’t have any plan to sell TikTok.”
But even it wanted to divest, the company would have to get a blessing from Beijing, which previously opposed a forced sale of the platform and has signaled its opposition this time around.
TikTok and ByteDance argued in the lawsuit that is really isn’t being given a choice.
The U.S. government is poised to ban TikTok for 170 million users unless the social media platform break ties with its China-based parent company. This comes after a recent bill was passed to force the sale over privacy concerns. India swiftly banned TikTok in 2020 when it had 200 million users. Here’s what can be learned from that.
“The ‘qualified divestiture’ demanded by the Act to allow TikTok to continue operating in the United States is simply not possible: not commercially, not technologically, not legally,” they said.
Under the act, TikTok will be forced to shut down by Jan. 19, 2025, according to the lawsuit. The parties argued that they should be protected by the First Amendment’s guarantee of freedom of expression.
Shifting China-U.S. relations
The fight over TikTok takes place as U.S.-China relations have shifted to that of intense strategic rivalry, especially in areas such as advanced technologies and data security, which are seen as essential to each country’s economic prowess and national security.
U.S. lawmakers from both parties, as well as administration and law enforcement officials, have expressed concerns that Chinese authorities could force ByteDance to hand over U.S. user data or sway public opinion by manipulating the algorithm that populates users’ feeds.
Some have also pointed to a Rutgers University study that maintains TikTok content was being amplified or underrepresented based on how it aligns with the interests of the Chinese government, which the company disputes.
Opponents of the law argue that Chinese authorities — or any nefarious parties — could easily get information on Americans in other ways, including through commercial data brokers that rent or sell personal information.
They note the U.S. government hasn’t provided public evidence that shows TikTok sharing U.S. user information with Chinese authorities, or tinkering with its algorithm for China’s benefit. They also say attempts to ban the app could violate free speech rights in the U.S.